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        Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of related, yet structurally distinct, zinc-dependent proteases discovered in connection to their capacity to degrade extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and elastin. The current list of known substrates has become much larger and includes several non-matrix proteins whose biological activity s regulated through the enzymatic action of MMPs.  While MMP activity is integral to many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including development, wound healing, and tumor metastasis, our group is focused on the role of MMPs in the vascular system.  MMPs are produced by most cells of the vasculature, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. The ability of MMPs to break down the structural proteins of the extracellular matrix is essential for adaptation and repair of blood vessels, as it occurs for instance in response to changes in the hemodynamic environment and following vascular interventions. Recent research, from this and many other laboratories, has implicated MMPs in the pathological changes of blood vessels underlining the major cardiovascular diseases, including destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, the most frequent cause of myocardial infarction and stroke.

        Current research projects in our lab investigate regulation of MMP expression, enzymatic activity, and function in the remodeling of blood vessels, especially in relation to atherosclerosis. We are particularly interested in the potential role of oxidative stress, hemodynamic environment, and inflammation. We are using a variety of experimental approaches, including in vitro experiments with human and animal vascular cells and extracellular matrix, tissue engineered vascular constructs, ex vivo investigation of human blood vessels, and in vivo studies of remodeling using genetically engineered mice.  Our long term goal is to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases through control of vascular remodeling.